Types of Geogrid: Uniaxial, Biaxial and Triaxial

Author: Evan Cornelius • 20 December 2021 • 2 Minute Read • Article

Table of Contents

Here are the types of geogrid and their functions. Several types of geogrid are available on the market, but four are commonly used: uniaxial geogrid, biaxial geogrid, triaxial geogrid and polyester geogrid.

Types of Geogrid

Uniaxial Geogrid

Uniaxial geogrid has long, elongated apertures and is manufactured as an integral structure. It can be made from three different polymers: Polypropylene (PP), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polyester (PET). It is designed specifically to reinforce retaining walls, stabilise and reinforce slopes (slope reinforcement), and reinforce embankments.

This type of geogrid is mainly used for retaining walls on slopes steep enough to risk landslides, and the risk is even greater if there are buildings on top. Uniaxial geogrid is laid on a soil layer, which is then compacted layer by layer to reach the required density in order to keep the soil stable.

Uniaxial geogrid roll for retaining wall reinforcement

Biaxial Geogrid

Biaxial geogrid has square apertures. It can be made from three different polymers: Polypropylene (PP), High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polyester (PET). It is typically used to reinforce retaining walls, subbases or subsoils beneath roads and buildings, and road construction on very soft ground such as peat, swamps and muddy areas. Biaxial geogrid works by interlocking with the aggregate.

Biaxial Geogrid Functions

Biaxial geogrid functions mainly as reinforcement and does not have the properties of geotextile such as separation, drainage, filtration and water barrier.

Biaxial geogrid with square apertures for road base

Triaxial Geogrid

Triaxial geogrid is a development of biaxial geogrid and naturally offers advantages over it. Triaxial geogrid has triangular apertures and a stiffer structure, so loads are distributed more evenly.

Triaxial Geogrid Functions

Triaxial geogrid has the same function as biaxial geogrid, stabilising soft subgrade, but with better performance.

Triaxial geogrid with triangular apertures for subgrade stabilisation — Triaxial Geogrid

Polyester Geogrid

High-strength warp-knitted polyester geogrid is a new, high-quality base material for reinforcing roadbeds. It uses high-strength polyester and polypropylene fibres as raw materials, which are knitted in one direction and coated with a special adhesive.

Polyester Geogrid Functions

Polyester geogrid increases subgrade strength, spreads loads more evenly onto the subgrade, and delays or prevents cracking, especially on roads.

Warp-knitted polyester geogrid for road reinforcement

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